A. Primary Housing Finance Market
A.1 Industry Structure and Performance
| Variable | End of 2018 | End of 2017 | End of 2016 | Sources | Var ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of firms originating and funding mortgage loans | 32 | A.1.1 | |||
| Types of originating lenders/market share: | A.1.2 | ||||
| Universal/ commercial banks | 59% of total | A.1.2.1 | |||
| Other depository institutions (savings and loans/mutual savings and credit institutions) | 41% of total | A.1.2.2 | |||
| Non-depository financial institutions specialized in housing finance | Non-applicable | Country Editor | A.1.2.3 | ||
| General non-depository financial institutions | Non-applicable | Country Editor | A.1.2.4 | ||
| Others (e.g. insurance co, pension funds, labor tax funds) | 1% of total | A.1.2.5 | |||
| Identify the 3 largest loan originating lenders | Government Housing Bank, Siam Community Bank, Krung Thai Bank | A.1.3 | |||
| Are there (quasi) public mortgage lenders: | Yes | A.1.4 | |||
| Universal/ commercial banks | Yes | Country Editor | A.1.4.1 | ||
| Other depository institutions (savings and loans/mutual savings and credit institutions) | Yes | A.1.4.2 | |||
| Non-depository financial institutions specialized in housing finance | No | A.1.4.3 | |||
| General non-depository financial institutions | No | A.1.4.4 | |||
| Others (e.g. insurance co, pension funds, labor tax funds) | Yes | A.1.4.5 | |||
| Typical lending spreads for mortgages | 3.6% | A.1.5 | |||
| Level of Non-Performing Mortgage Loans (90 days or more past due): | A.1.6 | ||||
| as a % of # of loans | Not available | Country Editor | A.1.6.1 | ||
| as a % of outstanding loan amount | 3.37% | 3.26% | 2.81% | Bank of Thailand | A.1.6.2 |
| Average 1997-2007 | A.1.7 | ||||
| as a % of # of loans | Not available | Country Editor | A.1.7.1 | ||
| as a % of outstanding loan amount | Not available | Country Editor | A.1.7.2 | ||
| Lowest decile of the income distribution served by the dominant mortgage lenders | Not available | Country Editor | A.1.8 | ||
A.2 Size of Mortgage Finance Sector
| Variable | End of 2018 | End of 2017 | End of 2016 | Sources | Var ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total amount of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year in millions of USD: | 116,951.66 USD (millions) | 107,864.32 USD (millions) | 92,670.78 USD (millions) | REIC Annual Report | A.2.1 |
| Total amount of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year as % of GDP (current) | 23.86% | 23.69% | 22.5% | REIC Annual Report, WEO | A.2.1.1 |
| and as % of all credits outstanding | 25.11% | 23.93% | 24.37% | Bank of Thailand, REIC | A.2.1.2 |
| Total # of home mortgage loans outstanding at the end of year | Not available | A.2.2 | |||
| Total amount of home mortgages made in calendar year in millions of USD | 21,754.72 USD (millions) | 18,679.83 USD (millions) | 16,575.64 USD (millions) | REIC Annual Report | A.2.3 |
| and as % of GDP (current) | 4.44% | 4.1% | 4.02% | REIC, WEO | A.2.3.1 |
| and as % of all credits originated in calender year | .85% | A.2.3.2 | |||
| What % of total new mortgages is refinance? | 5% | A.2.5 |
A.3 Housing Finance Products
| Variable | End of 2018 | End of 2017 | End of 2016 | Sources | Var ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortgage products as % of all mortgages (approx.) in local currency: | A.3.1 | ||||
| Fixed rate for life of loan | 90% | Country Editor | A.3.1.1 | ||
| Variable rate/indexed | 10% | Country Editor | A.3.1.2 | ||
| Variable rate/discretionary | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.1.3 | ||
| Other fully amortizing loans (e.g. Rollover) | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.1.4 | ||
| Non-fully amoritizing loans (e.g. Price level adjusted/Interest only) | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.1.5 | ||
| Loans based on foreign currency as % of all mortgage products | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.2 | ||
| Most prevalent type of foreign currency mortgage used: | A.3.3 | ||||
| Fixed rate for life of loan | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.3.1 | ||
| Variable rate/indexed | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.3.2 | ||
| Variable rate/discretionary | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.3.3 | ||
| Other (describe in the Notes section) | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.3.4 | ||
| Most frequent interest rates on fully amortizing: | A.3.4 | ||||
| 10 year fixed rate mortgage | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.4.1 | ||
| most common indexed ARM/10 year term | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.4.2 | ||
| discretionary ARM/10 year term | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.4.3 | ||
| 5 year roll-over/10 year term | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.4.4 | ||
| foreign currency based 10 year FRM | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.4.5 | ||
| Most frequent rate on interest only 10 yr FRM | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.5 | ||
| Typical lender fees associated with mortgage origination: | A.3.6 | ||||
| Fixed in amount | 50 USD | Country Editor | A.3.6.1 | ||
| as % of loan amount | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.6.2 | ||
| Typical third party fees associated with mortgage origination: | A.3.7 | ||||
| Appraisal fees | 70 USD | Country Editor | A.3.7.1 | ||
| Title related fees | 1 USD | Country Editor | A.3.7.2 | ||
| Legal fees | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.7.3 | ||
| Search fees | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.7.4 | ||
| Loan-to-Value (LTV) on first mortgage: | A.3.8 | ||||
| Maximum LTV | 80 | 90 | A.3.8.1 | ||
| Typical LTV at origination | 80% | Country Editor | A.3.8.2 | ||
| Maximum term over which pmt is calculated? | 30 years | Country Editor | A.3.9 | ||
| Mortgage pmt-to-income ratio | A.3.10 | ||||
| Maximum pmt-to-income ratio (HH income) | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.10.1 | ||
| Maximum pmt-to-income ratio (Individual income) | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.10.2 | ||
| Typical pmt-to-income ratio (HH income) | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.10.3 | ||
| Typical pmt-to-income ratio (Individual income) | Not available | Country Editor | A.3.10.4 | ||
A.4 Lending and Servicing Process
| Variable | End of 2018 | End of 2017 | End of 2016 | Sources | Var ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the mortgage industry use standard principles/guidelines for underwriting? | Yes | Country Editor | A.4.1 | ||
| Which institutions define underwriting rules? | A.4.2 | ||||
| Central Bank/Ministry of Finance | Yes | Country Editor | A.4.2.1 | ||
| Secondary market facility | No | Country Editor | A.4.2.2 | ||
| Major Lender | Yes | Country Editor | A.4.2.3 | ||
| Other | No | Country Editor | A.4.2.4 | ||
| Are loan originations conducted by others than employees of lenders? | No | Country Editor | A.4.3 | ||
| % of Originations done by brokers | Not available | Country Editor | A.4.3.1 | ||
| % of Originations done on the internet | Not available | Country Editor | A.4.3.2 | ||
| Others (Specify in Notes) | Not available | Country Editor | A.4.3.3 | ||
| % of appraisals done by employees of lenders | 50% | Country Editor | A.4.4 | ||
| Do third party servicing institutions exist? | No | Country Editor | A.4.5 | ||
| % of loans serviced by originators/lenders | 100% | Country Editor | A.4.6 | ||
A.5 Credit Risk Assessment
| Variable | End of 2018 | End of 2017 | End of 2016 | Sources | Var ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do credit bureaus exist? | Yes | Yes | Yes | National Credit Bureau | A.5.2 |
| Are there legal/regulatory constraints to gaining access to credit information? | Yes | A.5.2.1 | |||
| What percentage of mortgage originations use credit scoring? | 100% | A.5.1 | |||
| Is mortgage default insurance available? | No | A.5.3 | |||
| When did it begin operating? | Not available | Country Editor | A.5.3.1 | ||
| What is the typical MI product? | Not available | Country Editor | A.5.3.2 | ||
| Number of private mortgage insurers | Not available | Country Editor | A.5.3.3 | ||
| Are credit guarantee systems used? | Yes | Country Editor | A.5.4 | ||
| Is there public sponsored MI / guarantee? | No | Country Editor | A.5.5 | ||
| What % of the market does public MI / guarantee serve? | Not available | Country Editor | A.5.6 | ||
| What share of total annual mortgage production is insured/guaranteed? | Not available | Country Editor | A.5.7 |
B. Funding Sources for Mortgages and the Secondary Mortgage Market
| Variable | End of 2018 | End of 2017 | End of 2016 | Sources | Var ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What are the main funding sources for mortgages? | B.1 | ||||
| Retail funding (deposits/other) | primary | primary | primary | REIC | B.1.1 |
| Wholesale funding: loans from other banks or corporations | secondary | secondary | secondary | REIC | B.1.2 |
| Funding through mortgage bonds | Non-applicable | B.1.3 | |||
| Funding through securitization of mortgages | Non-applicable | B.1.4 | |||
| What % of Residential Mortgage Backed Securities is issued by centralized conduit or liquidity facility? | Not available | Country Editor | B.2 | ||
| Who are the investors in RMBS? | Not available | Country Editor | B.3 | ||
| What is the proportion of RMBS in the overall private securities market? | Not available | Country Editor | B.4 | ||
C. Housing Microfinance
| Variable | End of 2018 | End of 2017 | End of 2016 | Sources | Var ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Are non-collateralized housing micro-finance loans offered? | No | Country Editor | C.1 | ||
| Types of lenders operating in the housing micro-finance (HMF) sector: | C.2 | ||||
| Commercial banks | No | C.2.1 | |||
| Specialized non-depository MFIs | No | C.2.2 | |||
| NGOs | No | Country Editor | C.2.3 | ||
| Others | Yes | C.2.4 | |||
| None | No | C.2.5 | |||
| Typical lending spreads in HMF | Not available | Country Editor | C.3 | ||
| Level of NPLs (>90 days past due) in HMF | C.4 | ||||
| as a % of loans | Not available | Country Editor | C.4.1 | ||
| as a % of outstanding loan amount | Not available | Country Editor | C.4.2 | ||
| Are non-collateralized but secured housing finance products offered (e.g. secured by pension or insurance savings) | No | C.5 | |||
| Lowest income decile served with all non-collateralized housing lending products | Not available | Country Editor | C.6 | ||